Karbohodratların ən mürəkkəbləri nişasta və sellülozadır. Nişasta - qlükoza qalıqlarından ibarət (C₆H₁₀O₅)_n tərkibli təbii polimerdir. Nişastanın təyini onun yodla qarşılıqlı təsirdə olub, göy rəng əmələ gətirməsinə əsaslanır.

Sellüloza nişastaya nisbətən daha çox yayılmış karbohidratdır.O, bütün bitki hüceyrələrinin qılaflarını təşkil edir.

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