Öz işi based on:

Marinid:

1. O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (17 mart 2011) (ingilis) , University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 185 ISBN: 978-0-8122-0463-6. : Spanish Historian and Ambrosio Huici Miranda suggested that the Marinids used white banners, much like their Almohad predecessors.
2. Abitbol, Michel (10 aprel 2014) (fransız) , Place des éditeurs, pp. 126 ISBN: 978-2-262-03816-8. :

   When the morning light shines, the Sultan mounts his horse and the white standard which is the flag of the dynasty, called al-Mansur (the Victorious) is carried next to him. Immediately before him march the armed men on foot; the horses held in hand, covered with caparisons of patterned cloth, that is to say, saddle blankets.

1. Bennison, Amira K. (2014) "Drums, Banners and Baraka: Symbols of authority during the first century of Marīnid rule, 1250-1350" in Bennison, Amira K. , ed. (ingilis) , Oxford University Press, pp. 194–216 : "The naming of the Marinid palatine city, Madīnat al-Bayḍā', the White City, reflects their use of white as a dynastic colour."
2. عاصم, محمد رزق (2006) (arabic) , Qahirə: مكتبة مدبولي, pp. 151  : Egyptian historiographer (d. 1418) recalled a white flag made of silk with verses from the Qur’an written in gold at the top of the circle as the sultanate’s emblem among the kings of the Banu Abd al-Haqq of the Banu Marin in Morocco, calling it the Victorious Flag.
3. عاصم, محمد رزق (2006) (arabic) , Qahirə: مكتبة مدبولي, pp. 151 : Maghrebi historian talked about the flags he saw during the time of Sultan Abu al-Hasan, indicating that they used to give governors, workers, and commanders permission to take one small flag made of white linen.
4. Julien, Charles André; Internet Archive (1970) , New York, Praeger, pp. 198 ISBN: 978-0-7100-6614-5. : Contemporary historian references the small white flag as a miniature version of the royal standard that was given to the main commander on the battlefield as a mark of authority to lead the troops. The flag was raised in conquered fortresses.
5. Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert); Kelly - University of Toronto (1912) , London, The Hakluyt society, pp. 26 : The , written by a Franciscan friar in the 14th century, describes the flag of Fez, the Marinid capital, as being plain white.

Saadian:

1. III, Comer Plummer (2015) (ingilis) , Lulu.com, pp. 26 ISBN: 978-1-4834-3105-5. : "It was unconventional to be sure, as was the Saadian standard, a dramatic statement in white, richly embroidered in golden Qur'anic verses. The white standard was an old Merinid tradition bestowed by the sultan upon faithful commanders. But, as a king in his own right, and in eschewing the familiar green of Islam, Mohammad ash-Shaykh made it look so very new."
2. Smith, Whitney; Internet Archive (1975) (ingilis) , McGraw-Hill, pp. 254 ISBN: 978-0-07-059093-9. : "From the eleventh century until the beginning of the seventeenth, the principal color was white under the Almoravids, Marinids, and Saadians."
3. Abitbol, Michel (2014) (fransız) , Éditions Perrin DOI: . ISBN: 978-2-262-03816-8. :"al-Ifrani, who also notes the presence of many valuable horses in these parades, as well as standards of several colors including the white banner of the sultan [Ahmed al-Mansour]" Check: al-Ifrānī, Muḥammad as-Suġaiyir (1888) (ərəb) , Leroux, pp. 117 .
4. Palomares, Lucien (11 iyul 2012) (fransız) , Lulu.com, pp. 266 ISBN: 978-1-4717-8163-6.  :"Les dynasties précédentes, Mérinides et Saadiens, utilisaient le drapeau blanc."
5. العزيز, بنعبد الله، عبد (1957) (ərəb) , دار السلمى،, pp. 43 : "As for the flag, it was white at the beginning of the Islamic era, by analogy with the flag of the Fatimids and Umayyads (unlike the Abbasid flag, which was black and then blue. The flag of the princes of Sanhaja was multi-colored, but it became white in the days of the Almohads, Marinids, and Saadians. Then the Alawites chose red."