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İzah1988 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Crucifixion - 9th-13th century - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2.jpg |
Double-sided icon with the Crucifixion and the Virgin Hodegetria The icon, which is the oldest in the museum, has three different layers of painting on the front. From the earliest, dating from the 9th c., is preserved the Cross, with the body of Christ, and the two angels. Traces can also be made out of John’s hand, in prayer, and a vessel at the Virgin’s left shoulder which was held by an angel symbolising the Church. The starry background and inscriptions were added in the 10th c. The Virgin, John and the head of Christ belong to the 13th-century phase of painting. X-ray examination of the icon has shown that the 9th-century Christ was painted with his eyes open, in other words alive on the cross. This was customary in earlier depictions of the Crucifixion in Byzantine art (6th and 7th c.), in order to emphasize the divine nature of Christ and his victory over death. But features dating to the 9th century refer to Christ's human nature, like the blood and the water that flow from Christ's side and are collected in a chalice (traces of which have been preserved on a level with the Virgin's shoulder). His human nature and the sacrifice the incarnate Christ made were stressed to a greater extent in the 13th century when the face of Christ was painted with closed eyes, as had become customary by then in Byzantine art. On the reverse of the icon there was probably initially an image of the Virgin, which was over-painted in the 16th century with a Virgin and Child in the iconographic type of the Hodegetria. Measurement: 87 x 63 cm. Exhibit Number: ΒΧΜ 00995 |
Tarix |
9 century date QS:P,+850-00-00T00:00:00Z/7 - 13 centurydate QS:P,+1250-00-00T00:00:00Z/7 ; Taken on 12 noyabr 2009 |
Mənbə | Öz işi |
Müəllif | G.dallorto |
Lisenziya
This is a faithful photographic reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art. The work of art itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
This digital reproduction has been released under the following licenses: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
In many jurisdictions, faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are not copyrightable. The Wikimedia Foundation's position is that these works are not copyrightable in the United States (see Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs). In these jurisdictions, this work is actually in the public domain and the requirements of the digital reproduction's license are not compulsory. |
Items portrayed in this file
təsvir edir
some value
copyright status ingilis
copyrighted ingilis
attribution only license ingilis
12 noyabr 2009
captured with ingilis
Canon EOS 1000D ingilis
source of file ingilis
original creation by uploader ingilis
MIME type ingilis
image/jpeg
checksum ingilis
2705366c70deaa00e6edbb9b268b65fd77427f77
data size ingilis
1.187.634 Bayt
1.800 piksel
1.258 piksel
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Tarix/Vaxt | Kiçik şəkil | Ölçülər | İstifadəçi | Şərh | |
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indiki | 1.258 × 1.800 (1,13 MB) | Ras67 | barrel distortion and perspective fixed, cropped | ||
1.634 × 2.530 (1,01 MB) | G.dallorto |
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Kamera istehsalçısı | Canon |
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Kamera modeli | Canon EOS 1000D |
Exposure time | 1/15 saniyə (0,066666666666667) |
F nömrəsi | f/3,5 |
ISO sürət reytinqi | 800 |
Orijinal tarix və vaxt | 14:16, 12 noyabr 2009 |
Fokus məsafəsi | 18 mm |
Orientasiya | Normal |
Üfüqi xətt | 300 dpi |
Şaquli xətt | 300 dpi |
Proqram təminatı | Adobe Photoshop |
Faylın dəyişməsi tarixi və vaxtı | 21:40, 15 iyul 2013 |
Ekspozisiya proqramı | Tanınmadı |
Exif versiyası | 2.21 |
Tarix və vaxt rəqəmləşdirilir | 14:16, 12 noyabr 2009 |
APEX shutter speed | 4 |
Obyektiv gözü | 3,614709851552 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Dizaynlı |
Flaş | Flaş yandırılmadı, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 31 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 31 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 31 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Rəng sahəsi | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 3.214,6118721461 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 3.224,6998284734 |
Focal plane resolution unit | düymlər |